Кафедра "Філософія"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/3016

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/philosophy

Сучасна назва – кафедра "Філософія", первісна – кафедра діалектичного та історичного матеріалізму.

Кафедра створена 20 квітня 1957 року з ініціативи Івана Івановича Чорного, який і став її першим завідувачем.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту соціально-гуманітарних технологій Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут".

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють: 4 доктора і 4 кандидата філософських наук; 2 співробітника мають звання професора, 4 – доцента.

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Anthropological Dimension of Constructivism in the Culture of Presence
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiegow, 2019) Dolska, Olga; Gorodiskaya, Olga; Tararoyev, Jakov
To the authors’ mind human activity is more frequently based on Constructivism in spheres as science, epistemology, education, upbringing, number of living practices, etc. The authors emphasize if such approach relies on Enlightenment rationality there are many risks and negative consequences of it using what was obviously already in 20th century. The reason is in specific comprehension of subject that influences on imperfect anthropological dimension of the rationality. Analysing of its modification has necessarily led the authors to take into account the Culture of Presence idea in the process of anthropological dimension realisation. The Culture of Presence “clears” the place for a new “intellectual surrounding” where there is a need to leave the awful Constructivism position formed through metaphysical comprehension of subject. In the article there were proposed the categories of those culture, there emphasizes their relevance in new life conditions and there was analysed the Presence phenomenon in the contemporary scientists researches. The authors underline the Culture of Presence basis and implementations of this culture contribute to disappearance of self-contained subject. In the event situation the subject could be replaced by subjectivity capable to respond, to empathize, to be responsible for others, etc. The contemporary humanities need to renew anthropological dimension inasmuch as comprehension of it cannot be guided at traditional norms of Enlightenment rationality and metaphysics discourse.
"Cogito ergo sum et sentio ergo sum": Philosophical Reflections on Contemporary Education
(Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego, 2021) Dolska, Olga; Godz, Nataliіa
The focus of today’s discussion is on education and the application of online learning. The ideology of the Enlightenment emphasized the mind and required the development of self-knowledge and self-awareness of the individual, starting from Cogito as a central position in educational practice. Online education has provided an opportunity to look at the transformations in it from broader perspectives and to speak about the urgent necessity of the adjustment of the classical theory of education or even significant changes in it. A new paradigm of education (paradigm of understanding) is impossible without taking into account the heuristics of the corporeal and the harmonious combination of philosophical positions – Cogito ergo sum and Scentio ergo sum. This is a fundamental position for understanding the rationality of the Post-Enlightenment. The new pedagogical theories are based on a foundation that takes into account not only the traditional Cogito (I think), but also the conceptual and philosophical foundations of the theory of bodily cognition. Contexts of modern scientific research on human evolution allow us to put forward the thesis of the urgency of forming a very complex methodology, which should be based on knowledge of human morphology and take into account the constant process of coevolution of body, environment and mind (consciousness), because human perceptions and actions are improved due to their harmonious interaction. This thesis is reinforced by the development of HCI (Human-Computer Interaction Programs), because they focus on the introduction of those sensations into cyberspace, which can only be bodily heuristics, that can improve and make educational practices more successful and methodologically diverse.
Development of the new pedagogical skills in the context of european integratio
(American Linguist Association, 2020) Oleksenko, Roman I.; Dolska, Olga; Trynyak, M. V.; Nesterenko, Olena M.; Korostylov, Henadii L.
The processes of globalization and informatization have a great impact on Ukrainian higher education system. In this regard, the problems of European integration of national higher education in the field of international standards occur. This article is aimed at developing a conceptual model of scientific and educational process and pedagogical skills of higher education teachers based on European integration. The necessity of using the innovative approach and the need to improve the capacity of universities to implement research and development technologies at the national level were emphasized. Innovative model of development of pedagogical skills of higher education teachers based on European integration was formed. Criteria for assessing the level of motivational and value component of pedagogical skills of the teacher were identified. The advantages and disadvantages of the development strategy of Ukrainian universities in the context of the needs of European integration of scientific and educational space were defined. It was concluded that the participation of teachers in promising research and competitions will ensure a steady increase in public funding for research in universities. The national higher education of Ukraine should be an open dynamic system.
Digitalization of Education in China: problems, opportunities (Socio-Philosophical analysis)
(Видавничий дім "Гельветика", 2022) Sun, Wei; Dolska, Olga
Nowadays philosophers actively discuss and analyze the content and nature of high technologies and their influence on social development, because high technologies become the main determinant of essential changes in all spheres of social life, and, in particular, in education. Recent events in the world show how the process of digitalization in education has become global. From international experience, some countries, regions and organisations have established or are in the process of establishing a maturity model or framework for digitalisation in education as a way to consolidate the progress of digitalisation in education and promote the sustainability of practices. The article discusses the process of digitalization of education in modern China. This is reflected in all components of the educational process. The authors offer its socio-philosophical analysis in order to identify and analyze the central problem of this process in the conditions of modern Chinese society – the problem of conflict, integration and coordinated development of the old and new education systems. The article also highlights and describes issues such as the digital divide, digital poverty, digital refugees, the problem of conflict between people and technology, etc. The authors review digital readiness initiatives (i.e., in preparation for the full launch of the digital transformation path in education in order to fulfill the basic conditions for transformational change). It also emphasizes the need for a socio-philosophical analysis of pilot projects to address issues of mobilizing the initiative and resources of universities and schools under the leadership of the state to promote the digital transformation of education in order to solve the problems described above.
Existence of the transcendental: the spiritual and practical dimension
(Мелітопольський державний педагогічний університет ім. Богдана Хмельницького, 2016) Dolska, Olga
Meaning and formation technology thinking
(НТУ "ХПІ", 2015) Dolska, Olga
The author reflects on the techniques of thinking. Cultural sences have influenced their forming. The sense represented as a method of organization of the world. With sense a man understands a world clearly: makes the world intelligible with the help of the sense. The author considers techniques of thinking, proposed by K. Jaspers. It is underlined that today it is "dangerous" to operate with "absolute senses". An author specifies that all conditions for forming of a new technique of thinking were created today. As an argument an author refers to the nomadic way of G. Deleuze and F. Guattari. The new technique differs from non-linearity in the production of senses; it is turned to the polysemy of the sign. An author gives the general characteristics of nonlinear thinking.
Ontological Prerequisites for the Emergence of Scientific Cosmology in the Context of the Emergence and Development of the Scientific Thinking
(International Society of Philosophy and Cosmology (ISPC), 2024) Tararoev, Jakov; Horodyska, Olga; Dolska, Olga
The article argues that scientific cosmology, the study of the Universe’s origin, evolution, and structure, remains an essential and integral part of scientific thinking. The article traces the roots of scientific thinking back to ancient Greek philosophy, particularly the work of Plato and Aristotle. These philosophers were the first to provide a clear justification for scientific knowledge, laying the foundation for its development in subsequent centuries. However, modern science no longer accepts their justifications as definitive. This raises the question: how can scientific thinking function without the traditional foundations laid by the Greeks? The article proposes a solution: general concepts can objectively exist as a property of the inherent uniformity and isotropy of space and time. This is not limited to just geometric and physical forms but extends to social, cultural, and other realms. Space can be understood as having dimensions, sets of characteristics used to define an object. These “spaces” are abstract constructs humans create to solve specific problems. The same object can occupy homogenous or heterogeneous spaces, depending on the problem being tackled. Time, unlike space, is irreversible and intrinsically anisotropic. However, it can be considered quasi-isotropic and quasi-homogeneous in some specific cases. The development of these concepts of homogeneity and heterogeneity in both physical (geometric) space and time constitutes the foundation of scientific cosmology.
Philosophical reflections on the dilemmas caused by artificial intelligence in education
(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2023) Wei, Sun; Dolska, Olga
Principles of organization and management of private sports school (social and philosophical perspective)
(Lietuvos sporto universitetas, 2023) Lobas, Viktoria; Dolska, Olga; Horodyska, Olga
In modern society, the process of increasing the number of non-formal education institutions is intensifying, among them sports institutions receive special attention: private schools, sections, sports trainings, etc. Therefore, the authors of the article focus on one of the components of the organization of the yoga school - the principles of its organization and management and their conceptual nature. Since the school has been operating for more than a year, its founders intend to share their experience. The authors emphasize that the development of these principles took place over a long period of time and was practiced at school classes at the beginning of its existence. The complexity, duration and thoroughness of this process is explained by the rather difficult work of filling the content of the programs under which the school works and philosophical training, which allows emphasizing the line "body-mind-spirit". successful when applying two methodological lines. The first is based on the value-content nature of rationality in education, the second emphasizes the potential of such values, which have an undoubted influence on the formation of human sociality. According to the founders of the school, the conceptual nature of management principles is successful when applying two methodological lines. The first is based on the value-content nature of rationality in education, the second emphasizes the potential of such values, which have an undoubted influence on the formation of human sociality.
The problem of rationality and reason comprehension in modern education
(Національний педагогічний університет ім. М. П. Драгоманова, 2013) Dolska, Olga
The article discovers that the education development is largely determined by reason it is oriented on; thus, it is possible to determine the types of rationality in education and build a model of its transformation. The author tries to answer the question: what reason has European education been focused on during its development; and to analyze social and cultural potential of the rationality ransformations in education. According to the rationality type the education space is formed. The availability of different rationality types allows us to construct the rationality transformations model. The model fundamentally remains open for further improvement.
The problem of understanding the rationality and the reason in modern education
(University of Athens, 2013) Dolska, Olga
The body in christianity on the basis of the crisis of the corporeal in modern culture
(Lietuvos sporto universitetas, 2023) Dolska, Olga ; Tararoyev, Jakov; Dishcant, Tetyana
This article is devoted to the meanings and practises of the body in Christian culture and the issue of preserving and continuing this tradition in modern culture. Since it is about the semantic contexts of the body, the article uses the phenomenological method in combination with hermeneutic analysis. The authors consistently deploy several logical lines. The fist line is related to the description of such a direction as hesychasm, its practises and attitude toward the body. At the same time, the ethical potential of hesychasm and the pathos of physicality as an instrument of morality are emphasised. The second line revolves around the practical attitude to the body in modern culture: the preservation of the Christian tradition, the natural characteristics of the body, and understanding the meaning of the body. The third line is connected with the loss of the “sanctity” of the body and the unawareness of this loss on the part of the common citizen and, as a result, the erosion of the ethical and natural meaning of the body. According to the authors, history will show how terrible these changes in meaning can be.
The idea of the university in modern challenges
(Право, 2023) Dolska, Olga; Dyshkant, Tetiana
The article, exploring the genesis of the idea of the university, reveals how its value bases and mission have changed over time. The fate of the university as a social institution is inextricably linked with society and bears the imprint of the transformations taking place in the social environment. In relation to the university in the modern world, the existence of a serious crisis is universally stated and, as shown in the article, it is associated with the processes of globalization, the establishment of market fundamentalism and postmodern culture.
The military-technical revolution of the ХХI st century (Philosophical and analytical review)
(University of Zulia, 2021) Korostylov, Henadii L.; Dolska, Olga; Dezhong, Wang; Protsenko, Andrii; Makieshyna, Yuliia
The article discusses the history of the military-technical revolution, revealing its main characteristics. It was interesting to explain to others theconnection between the revolution and the technical and technological structure ofsociety, on the one hand, and the changes in modern warfare, its timing, the scale of the deployment of hostilities, on the other hand. The study is based on the methodology of systems analysis, as well as the use of logical generalization, synthesis, and abstraction. The authors rely on a wide range of illustrative material, which allowed to show the changes of the sixth military-technological revolution. The nature of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in modern warfare is considered factual material. Based on specifi material, it is argued that the nature of modern warfare is hybrid in nature, but this hybridization itself is heterogeneous. Possible options for waging war and using certain equipment are shown. Based on analytical research, the authors focused on the transformation’s characteristic of modern wars. It is concluded that there is a transition period between the sixth and seventh technical-military revolutions that demand future interdisciplinary research.
Time to think about bodily rationality (the stands of the sporting events are empty!)
(2020) Dolska, Olga
For several decades, modern philosophy and science have been studying the phenomenon of the body with interest. Sport provides a huge illustrative material for rethinking the importance of sport for a person and his skillful activity in constructing reality and a new type of knowledge. The author shows that sporting events testify to a peculiar phenomenon of a constructivist nature, the analysis of which draws attention to the importance and role of bodily rationality, to a new type of knowledge (knowledge-like), to the formation of subjectivity as a complex process of designing a new subject of cognition and its new interactive capabilities. Based on modern philosophical and scientific achievements, the article emphasizes that bodily rationality should not only be taken into account in the formation of knowledge about the body, but also become the basis in the scientific description of such an actual type of human life as sports. The philosophy of sporting events cannot be described without resorting to the use of bodily rationality, and it itself acts as a determinant in the bodily type of deployment of thought. A new type of organization of knowledge, the causality and structure of which is associated with the bodily (morphological) organization, is brought to life by human actions, realizing kinetic subjectivization in practice. The process of subjectivation, that is, the formation of a complex subject - the subject of the competition (in this case, the participant of the competition and his spectators-fans) - determines an unusual type of deployment of thought: a complex integrity is formed on the basis of bodily experience and kinesthetic experiences, the synthesis of which has an external side, and in parallel facing inward. The type of deployment of thought, taking into account the bodily one, appears as a constructivist activity, and reality - as a bodily-constructivist project in vital epistemological turbulences.