Кафедра "Технологія пластичних мас і біологічно активних полімерів"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/7477

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/tpm

Від 2013 року кафедра має назву "Технологія пластичних мас і біологічно активних полімерів", первісна назва – кафедра технології пластичних мас.

Кафедра технології пластичних мас заснована в 1959 році у складі факультету технології органічних речовин. У 1985 році увійшла до складу факультету інтегрованих технологій та хімічної техніки.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту хімічних технологій та інженерії Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут". За період свого існування кафедра підготувала понад 3000 спеціалістів за денною, вечірньою та заочною формами навчання.

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють: 6 кандидатів технічних наук, 1 кандидат хімічних наук, 1 доктор філософії; 1 співробітник має звання професора, 6 – доцента.

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Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of polymer nanocomposites for medical application
(Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара, 2019) Hopta, O. V.; Mishyna, M. M.; Syrova, A. O.; Makarov, V. O.; Avramenko, V. L.; Mishurov, D. O.
The paper is devoted to the investigation of antimicrobial activity of polymer nanocomposites of both low-density polyethylene and nonwoven polymeric material (a mixture of woven and polyester fibers) that had been impregnated by Cu nanoparticles. Themicroorganisms were grown according to generally accepted microbiological rules and on media recommended for each bacteria family. Formation of biofilms of microorganisms was studied on the surface of microtiter plates for enzyme-linked im munosorbent assay. After incubation of microtiter plates, the culture medium was removed from the wells. The wells were rinsed five times with sterile distilled water. The plates were air dried for 45 minutes and each well was stained with 1% crystal violet solution in water for 45 min. After staining, the plates were washed with sterile distilled water five times. The quantitative analysis of biofilm production was done by adding 95% ethanol for discoloration of the wells. The research shows the antibacterial activity of Cu nanoparticles on planktonic forms of the investigated microorganisms, which prevented the formation of dense biofilms. With the use of low-density polyethylene impregnated by Cu the ability to form biofilms by planktonic cells of the referent strains of microorganisms was detected to decrease by 1.7 (Escherichia coli), 12.3 (Klebsiella pneumonia) times in the studied strains and with the use of nonwoven polymeric material treated by Cu nanoparticles, the ability to form biofilms decreased by 1.8 (Escheri chia coli) – 21.8 (Klebsiella pneumonia) times in the studied strains. In subjecting the formed daily biofilms of referent strains of microorganisms to Cu nanoparticles, the destruction of biofilms of the studied strains of microorganism was observed as well as violation of the integrity of the biofilm monolayer and decrease of density index in comparison with control values. As a result, the obtained polymer nanocomposites can be recommended for preventive use in the fight against nosocomial infections. The practic al relevance of this study lies in the possibility of reducing the incidence of purulent-inflammatory diseases and mycoses and, accordingly, reduction of the costs of treating these diseases
Investigation of the effect of structuring methods on the change in residul stresses in polymer composite material
(V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 2020) Cherkashina, H. M.; Avramenko, V. L.; Karandashov, O. H.
The process of forming the cohesive strength of PCM is associated with a decrease in its volume. If there is no mechanical impact on the material, then this process is called shrinkage. Shrinkage occurs during cooling, when the solvent evaporates and during structuring. The free shrinkage of the PCM is hindered by its adhesive bond with the surface of the product, which is filled with a polymer compound, as a result of which more or less shrinkage stresses develop in the PCM over time. In addition to the latter in the PCM there are thermal internal stresses. Their occurrence is due to the combination of different materials in PCM, which differ significantly in the coefficients of thermal expansion. An effective way to reduce internal stresses is to add to the composition of PCM various fillers and plasticizers, what improves the relaxation properties of PCM. The aim of this work was to study the influence of different methods of structuring (polymerization), i.e. by convection and in the field of high frequency currents of epoxy, acrylic and epoxyacrylic PCM. The study of the emerging internal stresses, both shrinkage and temperature, was performed by the method of digital strain gauge, which allows not only to record the final level of residual stresses, but to monitor it in the process of structuring. The studies have shown that a more effective method of structuring is the process of structuring in the field of highfrequency current, which reduces residual stresses, increases the modulus of elasticity and forcing temperature of the studied compounds, what increases the strength and performance properties of PCM, and significantly reduces structuring time, providing uniform heating over the whole volume of PCM. It is recommended to use the obtained data in various industries related to the process of gluing and sealing both homogeneous and heterogeneous materials, as well as PCM products.
Optically transparent melamine-formaldehyde polymers modified with proton acceptors
(Institute for Single Crystals, 2009) Lebedev, V. V.; Blank, T. A.; Avramenko, V. L.; Eksperiandova, L. P.; Mishurov, D. A.; Titskaya, V. D.; Shadrikov, A. S.
Investigation of reaction water binding in melamine-formaldehyde polymers with proton accepting compounds has shown that the use of dymethil sulfoxide in 1/1 (v/v) ratio provides preparation of optically transparent materials. Introduction of dymethil formamide and dymethil sulfoxide improves the main characteristics of the material, but modification with dymethil formamide reduces the polymer transparency.
Photocurable polymer composite materials with an improved combination of strength and service properties
(Scientific and technological corporation "Institute for single crystals", 2020) Avramenko, V. L.; Podhornaya, L. F.; Karandashov, O. H.
This scientific paper delves into a new method of the photochemical cross-linkage of the encapsulating and adhesive materials that are based on oligoester acrylates with addition of the epoxy resin (oligomer) ER-20. The objects of research were oligocarbonate methacrylate OCM-2, epoxy oligomer ER-20 and the synthetic aluminosilicate (zeolite) filler. The additives for the photoinitiation were benzoin and its ethers. Studies the strength-, service and thermal properties of polymer composite materials (PCM) and the behavior of structural properties under different conditions. The obtained data allowed us to minimize the shrinkage of PCMs, increase their thermal oxidation stability and speed up the cross-linkage process. It was established that the combination of oligocarbonate methacrylate OCM-2 and the epoxy oligomer ER-20 has a significant effect both on the PCM cross-linkage process behavior and on its strength and service properties. The PCM composition was suggested for the encapsulation and moisture protection of the modules and assemblies of radio electronic equipment. A comparative evaluation of the suggested method of cross-linkage with the thermochemical curing allowed us to define the advantage of the photochemical method used for the material cross-linkage.
Studies of thermal stability of epoxy compounds for glass-fiber pipes
(Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2017) Karandashov, O. H.; Avramenko, V. L.
Thermal stability of different epoxy compounds designed for their use in certain temperature ranges has been studied. Effects of temperature are reported upon physico-mechanical properties of pipes, in particular, their failure stress under axial tension and their dependence on chemical nature of the solidifier.
Study of influence of structurizing regims on the properties of structural glass-fiber plastics
(Scientific and technological corporation "Institute for single crystals", 2018) Karandashov, O. H.; Avramenko, V. L.; Vashchenko, O. V.; Podhornaya, L. F.
Manufacturing of glass-fiber articles under specified strength characteristics, different ratio of layer thickness to inner diameter and without defects and delaminations is investigated. The influence of technological regimes, degree of curing on the physical and mechanical characteristics of glass-fiber articles was studied. In order to estimate the quality of the obtained articles, and to obtain reliable data on the course of the structuring process, methods of extraction, infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were used.
Study of radiation-chemical structuring of compositions based on epoxy oligomers
(V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 2020) Podhornaya, L. F.; Avramenko, V. L.; Karandashov, O. H.
The processes of radiation-chemical structuring of modified epoxy acrylic compositions were studied depending on the nature of epoxy oligomers and modifiers. ED-20 and ED-22 grades epoxy oligomers were chosen as epoxidian oligomers; 3,4-epoxyhexahydrobenzal-3,4-epoxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane (UP-612 grade), 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,3-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (UP-632 grade) were chosen as cycloaliphatic oligomers; diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (DEG) was chosen as aliphatic oligomer. To modify the epoxy oligomers, unsaturated acrylic monomers, such as acrylic acid and methyl acrylic acid ester; aromatic and aliphatic oligoester acrylates, such as α,ω-methacryl(bis-diethylene glycol)phthalate (MDP-1 grade), α,ω-methacryldi(diethyleneglycolphthalate) (MDP-2 grade), α,ω-methacryl(bis-triethyleneglycol)phthalate (MGP-9 grade) and atri-(oxyethylene)-α,ω-dimethacrylate (TGM-3 grade); condensation product of linseed oil dimerized fatty acids and polyethylenepolyamine, such as oligoamide L-20 grade; condensation product of ricinoleic acid, castor oil and maleic anhydride, such as unsaturated polyester PE-220, were used. The thermophysical and relaxation properties of cross-linked polymers, obtained under exposure to γ-radiation of Co60 and electrons accelerated by the absorbed radiation dose of 50–150 kGy at the beam current of 2-4 mA and electron energy of 240-300 keV, were studied. The distance from the exhaust window of the accelerator to the irradiated surface of the samples was 63-80 mm. The thermophysical properties of the cured polymers were evaluated using thermomechanical studies on a thermomechanograph with the temperature rise of 1о/min and the pressure of 0.54 MPa in the temperature range of 293-673 K, as well as the differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyzes on a system derivatograph by L. Paulik, R. Paulik, L. Erdei in the temperature range of 293–973 K with the rise rate of 7о/min. The relaxation properties and molecular mobility of the cross-linked polymers were studied by the dielectric method. The dielectric loss tangent was determined in the temperature range of 143-393K at the frequency of 1 kHz using a digital automatic bridge of alternating current R-589. The test sample temperature was measured using a potentiometer on a copper-constantan thermocouple, which was placed in the measuring cell along with the test sample. The samples were cooled by placing the cell in a vessel with liquid nitrogen. As a result of the studies, the influence of the chemical nature of epoxy oligomers and unsaturated modifiers on the processes of structure formation and molecular mobility of polymers, obtained under conditions of radiation-chemical curing, was established. It was determined, that when modifying epoxy oligomers with acrylic acid, methyl acrylic acid ester, oligoester acrylates of MGP-9 ((α,ω-methacryl(bistriethyleneglycol) phthalate)) or TGM-3 ((tri-(oxyethyleneglicol)-α,ω-dimethacrylate)) grades, the structuring of compositions, based on the DEG-1 aliphatic epoxy oligomer and UP-612 cycloaliphatic oligomer, was more efficient than the compositions based on unsaturated ETO oligomers grade such as 2-ethylhexylepoxytallate oligomer and epoxidian oligomers of ED-20 and ED-22 grades. It was established, that the modifier oligoamide of L-20 grade, containing primary and secondary amino groups, increased the radiation sensitivity of the compositions, based on epoxidian and cycloaliphatic oligomers, and reduced the inhibitory effect of atmospheric oxygen. The optimal composition and the main technological parameters were determined, what allowed to obtain materials with high physical and mechanical properties and adhesive strength to various metals. The application of the developed materials under industrial conditions will make it possible to organize a continuous high-speed radiation-chemical process for producing polymer coatings on metals, providing improved working conditions, lower energy consumption, as compared to the thermochemical process of the coatings production, and will increase the corrosion resistance of metals.