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Документ Urban planning in Ukraine from the 19th to the early 20th century: integration of science and state management(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2024) Tverytnykova, Olena; Gutnyk, Maryna; Heinemann, ManfredThe research is dedicated to analyzing the process of urbanization, particularly the formation and development of cities in northeastern Ukraine at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th cen. Special attention is given to the city of Kharkiv and the activities of its mayor, Oleksandr Kostiantynovych Pohorelko (1848–1912). The importance of urban studies as a key direction of humanities research that determines the development of the nation, community, and state is justified. The main tasks faced by the city during that period, such as the municipalization of the economy and the expansion of the city’s rights to private property objects, are highlighted. The role of scientists and researchers, including D. I. Bahalii and M. F. Sumtsov, in promoting the modernization of the city through active participation in municipal authorities is discussed. As a result of the research, significant contributions of O. K. Pohorelko and his colleagues to the development and improvement of Kharkiv at the end of the 19th cen. are identified. The conclusions of the research emphasize the importance of combining scientific potential and civic activism for the implementation of infrastructure development projects in the city.Документ History of Science and Technology(National technical university "Kharkov politechnical institute", 2024-02) Gutnyk, Maryna; Tverytnykova, Olena; Radohuz, SerhiiIn the modern world, filled with profound changes and global interdependence, humanitarian knowledge has gained fundamental importance. Humanities disciplines play a crucial role in shaping not only professional competencies but also a deep understanding of the essence of modern challenges. The study of humanitarian aspects, including the course “History of Science and Technology,” becomes an integral element of the educational process. This course not only repeats what is already known from school programs but conducts in-depth and systematic analysis of historical and cultural aspects. An important feature is that it reveals the history and science of Ukraine in the context of their interaction with world civilization. This course provides students with the opportunity to develop not only technical skills but also contributes to the disclosure of their deeper understanding and analysis of various aspects of the modern world. The study of the history of science and technology helps create a harmonious personality that carries a significant correlation between technical capabilities and humanitarian understanding. At the same time, this course helps overcome narrow technocratic thinking, expanding the horizons of students and making them more comprehensively prepared for the challenges of the present. The study of the history of science and technology contributes to the creation of intellectually mature individuals with a higher sense of conscious responsibility and dignity. They are capable of seeing more than just technical aspects and understand how their actions affect the global community. The course “History of Science and Technology” illustrates how technological development is related to social context, cultural values, and historical circumstances. This helps create graduates who not only possess technical knowledge but also understand their consequences for humanity as a whole. The study of the history of science and technology is a necessary element in forming a deep and comprehensive approach to education, promoting the creation of future leaders capable of making informed and morally justified decisions in the modern globalized world. The exam tasks are composed of individual variants and contain questions of various levels of complexity, allowing for the most objective assessment of the students' level of preparation. The recommended preparation time is 1 week. The student needs to review the lecture notes provided by the teacher and master the necessary knowledge assigned for independent study. The literature necessary for this is presented at the end of the guidelines.Документ The contribution of Technological institute teachers to the transformation of the architectural space of Kharkiv city(Дніпровський національний університет ім. Олеся Гончара, 2022) Gutnyk, Maryna; Tverytnykova, OlenaThe article analyzes the transformation processes that took place in the Kharkiv city in the late XIX – early XX centuries. Kharkiv was one of the largest cities in the South of the then Russian Empire. With the beginning of the industrial revolution, the urban environment changed in its facilities and infrastructure. The interaction of city dwellers with the built environment was manifested in the erection of stone townhouses, the opening of the Institute of Technology, a Public Library, and religious buildings, as well as the improvement of life conditions. It was the teachers and graduates of the Institute of Technology who played a leading role in the development of the urban environment. Among the leading architects of that time, it is necessary to single out the achievements of Marian-Jozef-Zdzislaw Charmanskyi, Oleksiy Beketov, Oleksandr Hinzburh, Serhyi Zagoskin, and Mykhailo Lovtsov. If at the end of the XIX century the architectural style of the city of Kharkiv was more of a combination of rationalism, Neo- Renaissance and Neo-Gothic, then from the beginning of the new century the city was built in the Art Nouveau style. It was on the territory of Ukraine that this style had its peculiarities, the so-called Ukrainian Art Nouveau (Modern) appeared. Today, Kharkiv has the largest number of buildings in this style.Документ Ecological Urban Planning of Ukrainian Cities in the Late 19th – Early 20th Cent.: Tram Traffic and Research in the Field of Electric Traction (to the 130th Anniversary of the 1st Electric Tram in Ukraine)(Національний технічний університет України "Київський політехнічний інститут ім. Ігоря Сікорського", 2022) Tverytnykova, Olena; Gutnyk, Maryna; Salata, HalynaThe main goal of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of the emergence and formation of the tram system, as well as to outline the impact of using this type of urban transport on the urbanization of Ukrainian cities in the late 19th – early 20th cent. It is claimed that this type of transport was and still remains the most environmentally friendly. The forerunner of the electric tram – horse-drawn – had several significant shortcomings: its introduction was limited by the terrain and the life expectancy of the animal. Further attempts to use the steam engine were also unsuccessful. The creation of the electric tram expanded the use of public transport. Belgian companies played a significant role in the introduc- tion of tram transport in Ukraine. The popularity of electric trams contributed to further research in the field of electric traction and the construction of tram cars, as well as the design of cities in general. A number of Ukrainian scientists played a remarkable role in the development of tramways, such as Fedir Pirot- skyi, Hryhorii Dubelir, Pavlo Kopniaiev, Oleksandr Pohorelko, Ivan Nekrasov, Oleksandr Potebnia, and others. Nowadays, the research on public transport and a thorough analysis of the extensive use of trams are particularly important in the face of environmental problems in large cities of Ukraine.Документ The origins of electrical engineering studies in the Ukraine and their shaping under the influence of the European scientific school (the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries)(Instytut Historii Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2021) Gutnyk, Maryna; Tverytnykova, Olena; Chrzan, Krystian LeonardThe deployment of electrical engineering research in the second half of the 19 and at the beginning of the 20th c. is shown. The great attention is focused onthe economic circumstances of the development of theoretical electrical engineering. Emphasis is placed on the leading role of Lviv Polytechnic. The names of professors who were at the origins of electrical engineering education in Lviv, Kyiv, Kharkiv and Odesa are given. It is claimed that the European School of ElectricalEngineering directly influenced the development of relevant research in Ukraine.Документ Розвиток наукової електротехнічної школи професора П. П. Копняєва в другій половині XX століття (до 150-річчя від дня народження вченого)(Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 2018) Tverytnykova, Olena; Тверитникова, Олена ЄвгенівнаДосліджено діяльність професора П. П. Копняєва зі створення науково-технічної школи в галузі електротехніки в Україні. Розкрито роль ученого у формуванні вищої електротехнічної освіти. Висвітлено особливості розвитку основних напрямів електротехнічної науки в Харківському політехнічному інституті та інших науково-освітніх установах у другій половині ХХ ст. Встановлено, що фундаментальні та прикладні дослідження електротехніків вищої електротехнічної школи України стали справжнім національним надбанням найперспективнішого рівня й гідним внеском у скарбницю світової науки. З'ясовано, що наукові дослідження в галузі електромеханіки, техніки високих напруг, електроенергетики, електричних вимірювань були спрямовані на пошуки новітніх технологій та докорінно перетворили виробництво в цілому.