Кафедра "Хімічна техніка та промислова екологія"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/7479

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/htpe

Від 1999 року кафедра має назву "Хімічна техніка та промислова екологія", попередня назва – кафедра механічного устаткування хімічних виробництв.

Кафедра механічного устаткування хімічних виробництв була організована 18 жовтня 1946 року у складі факультету технології неорганічних речовин Харківського хіміко-технологічного інституту. Становлення кафедри пов’язане з іменами доцентів Георгія Веніаміновича Петрова, М. Ковальова, Абрама Натановича Цейтліна, Анісіма Рудольфовича (Рувиновича) Ястребнецького . У 1960 році на базі кафедри створено Факультет хімічного машинобудування.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту механічної інженерії і транспорту Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут".

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють: 2 доктора та 14 кандидатів технічних наук, 4 доктора філософії; 3 співробітника мають звання професора, 12 – доцента.

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Design and researching of biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials modified by humic acid
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2023) Lebedeva, K. O.; Cherkashina, A. M.; Tykhomyrova, T. S.; Savchenko, D. O.; Lebedev, V. V.
Biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin, sodium alginate, modified by humic acids, were designed and researched. Literature review was carried out and it was proved that humic acids using is perspective for the functional effect on the biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal properties. It has been found that effective processes for receiving biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin, hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium alginate can be carried out in different humic acids concentration while achieving an effective increase in hydrogel polymers structuring processes. It can be seen efficiently increasing biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate conditional viscosity and the specific electrical conductivity with an increase of humic acids content: from 114 to 135 sec and from 2350 to 2850 mkS/cm, respectively. Humic acids modification in biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate caused structure formation with high density, and resistance and with larger agglomerates in hydrogels. It was found that the gelatin-based biopolymer hydrogels modification by humic acids makes it possible to receive biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials with higher swelling degree. It is shown that the application of new biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate modified by humic acids allows improving the skin moisture-lipid balance. From the initial values of 34-36% moisture and 8-10 skin fat, they increase to 58-66% and 52-60%. So, designed polymer hydrogel based on gelatin, sodium alginate, modified by humic acids, are transdermal materials with good properties.
Hybrid eco-friendly biodegradable construction composites modified with humic substances
(Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2022) Lebedev, V. V.; Miroshnichenko, D. V. ; Mysiak, V. R.; Bilets, D. Yu.; Tykhomyrova, T. S.; Savchenko, D. O.
Obtaining hybrid eco-friendly biodegradable structural composites was considered. The aim of this work was to determining the properties of hybrid eco-friendly biodegradable construction composites modified with humic substances. Hybrid eco-friendly construction composites were obtained on the basis of bioplastic polylactides with the addition as a filler of coffee grounds with a polyfractional composition within a particle size of 0.5 mm to 1 mm and a hybrid modifier – humic substances from brown coal. Hybrid ecofriendly construction composites were obtained by extrusion of pre-prepared raw materials in a single-screw laboratory extruder at a temperature of 170–200 °С and an auger rotation speed of 30–100 rpm. Investigated impact strength, breaking stress during bending, melt flow index (MFI) and melting temperature of hybrid ecofriendly biodegradable structural composites modified with humic substances. Optimization studies have been carried out to determine the most effective composition of new ecofriendly structural composites based on bioplastics of polylactides, coffee grounds waste and humic substances of three different types. Researching data together with the data of impact strength, allows us to make assumptions about the possibility of forming a variety of products from structurally composite material, herewith a composition with a coffee content of 50 % by mass. deserves a special attention. The data show an increase the impact strength and the breaking stress during bending a hybrid modification of ecofriendly biodegradable construction composites based on polylactide, coffee grounds waste and humic substances in 2.5 times, with optimal in terms of strength characteristics is the content of coffee grounds at 50 % wt. and 0.5 % by mass humic substances with the highest content of volatile substances and the lowest content of carbon. For such hybrid ecofriendly biodegradable construction composites based on polylactide, coffee grounds waste and humic substances, the MFI is characterized by 3.1 g/10 min. and the processing temperature range is 182–188 °C. It is shown, that the designed hybrid eco-friendly biodegradable structural composites modified with humic substances can be used in the production of high-strength structures and elements for engineering purposes.
Methodological guidance for a practical work "Grant and start-up applications correspondence to sustainable development goals"
(FOP Panov A. M., 2023) Tykhomyrova, T. S.; Shestopalov, O. V.; Novozhylova, T. B.
Sustainable development is an organizing principle for meeting human development goals while also sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services on which the economy and society depend. The desired result is a state of society where living conditions and resources are used to continue to meet human needs without undermining the integrity and stability of the natural system. Nearly all the countries in the world have promised to improve the planet and the lives of its citizens by 2030. They’ve committed themselves to 17 life-changing goals, outlined by the UN in 2015. These targets, known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), include ending extreme poverty, giving people better healthcare, and achieving equality for women. The aim is for all countries to work together to ensure no one is left behind. Here you can read about the goals and learn how Sightsavers is helping to achieve them. A grant is a way the government or private, nongovernmental organisations funds your ideas and projects to provide public services and stimulate the economy. Startups are businesses that want to disrupt industries and change the world—and do it all at scale. Startup founders dream of giving society something it needs but hasn’t created yet—generating eye-popping valuations that lead to an initial public offering (IPO) and an astronomical return on investment. Nowadays most application forms for grant an starup projects contains part, that asks about correspondence of main idea (or task) of your project to sustainable development goals and can help in their achievement. This methodological guidance trains students to choose correspondence between their projects and sustainable development goals.
Methodological guidance for a practical classes from the course "International cooperation and grantwriting in ecology"
(2023) Tykhomyrova, T. S.; Shestopalov, O. V.; Makhonina, O. S.
These methodological guidance are intended for practical work and the calculation task from the course "International cooperation and grant writing in ecology". During practical works, students will master team work skills, learn to determine each participant role in team, will get acquainted with the methods of decision-making in the team, will learn how to make up a SWOT analysis for grant application, will master the ability to manage the strategic team development in the process of carrying out professional activities in the ecological area, environmental protection and balanced natural use, will learn how to make an calculation (expenditure budget) for their grant and divide sources of funding. Basic terms in English and their interpretation are also given, which are useful when write in grant applications. In the methodical instructions, the practical classes aims are considered and theoretical material is given. A task realization examples and list of individual tasks are given. The proposed individual tasks are of practical importance and rely on the authors' experience in writing in grant applications.
Sustainable development
(National technical university "Kharkiv polytechnical institute", 2022) Tykhomyrova, T. S.; Sebko, V. V.; Babenko, V. M.
The tutorial presents the main goals and indicators of sustainable development, their application in Ukraine and posobility for the development. Contains words clouds for easy memorising.
Examining the efficiency of electrochemical purification of storm wastewater at machine building enterprises
(PC Tесhnology сеntеr, 2018) Maksimenko, O.; Pancheva, H.; Madzhd, S.; Pysanko, Y.; Briankin, O.; Tykhomyrova, T. S.; Hrebeniuk, T.
We have examined the composition of polluted storm water discharged from the territory of a machine building enterprise. It was established that the territory was unevenly polluted, with the surface wastewater from the area adjacent to the production shops dominated by ions of copper, to 1.1 mg/dm³; zinc, to 2.0 mg/dm³; nickel, to 1.6 mg/dm³; chromium, to 0.93 mg/dm³, and lead, to 5.0 mg/dm³. It was found that the removal of metals’ ions during electrocoagulation treatment is significantly influenced by the following factors: a flow rate of the wastewater sent for purification; duration of wastewater settling upon electrocoagulation, and current density during electrolysis. We have defined optimal parameters for the wastewater treatment process. Based on experimental research, we have built graphic dependences of purification effectiveness on current density and water settling time. The optimal parameters were determined for the wastewater treatment process, which ensure sufficiently high efficiency of water purification from heavy metals’ ions (to match the values for discharge standards) at an acceptable amount of electricity. It was established that the best conditions for deposition of nickel and lead are a current density of 50 A/m³ and a time of settling after electrocoagulation of 9 hours. The optimal conditions for depositing copper and zinc are 12 hours, and it is possible to lower the concentration of chromium to safe concentrations at a current density of 10 A/m³ and a time of settling of 4 hours. It was revealed that the effectiveness of purification from metals’ ions increases significantly with an increase in the current density and settling time; in addition, the efficiency of settling is 1.4‒3 times higher than the increase in current density. It is shown that prolonging the time of settling might not always compensate for the decrease in current density during electrocoagulation, which requires selecting the optimal balance of all factors. The experimental data that we acquired are necessary to calculate the technological process parameters. By applying a method of fullfactor experiment, we have constructed mathematical models of the process, which include the dependence of response (the residual concentration) on the aboveenumerated factors. The proposed models could make it possible to control the process of electrocoagulation by influencing those factors on which the efficiency of purification depends.