Кафедра "Хімічна техніка та промислова екологія"

Постійне посилання колекціїhttps://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/7479

Офіційний сайт кафедри http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/htpe

Від 1999 року кафедра має назву "Хімічна техніка та промислова екологія", попередня назва – кафедра механічного устаткування хімічних виробництв.

Кафедра механічного устаткування хімічних виробництв була організована 18 жовтня 1946 року у складі факультету технології неорганічних речовин Харківського хіміко-технологічного інституту. Становлення кафедри пов’язане з іменами доцентів Георгія Веніаміновича Петрова, М. Ковальова, Абрама Натановича Цейтліна, Анісіма Рудольфовича (Рувиновича) Ястребнецького . У 1960 році на базі кафедри створено Факультет хімічного машинобудування.

Кафедра входить до складу Навчально-наукового інституту механічної інженерії і транспорту Національного технічного університету "Харківський політехнічний інститут".

У складі науково-педагогічного колективу кафедри працюють: 2 доктора та 14 кандидатів технічних наук, 4 доктора філософії; 3 співробітника мають звання професора, 12 – доцента.

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Green areas state assessment within the urban territories
(Scientific Route OÜ, 2022) Shestopalov, Oleksii; Tykhomyrova, Tetyana; Lebedev, Volodymyr; Stadnik, Veronika
The urbanized environment is a complex heterogeneous system that is constantly changing. In large cities, there is a complex stress effect on living organisms. Different areas of the city may be permanently or temporarily dominated by a cer tain stress factor. Vegetation is a component of urban landscapes, which are natural and artificial objects of various functional purposes. The ecological functions of green spaces include: environmental protection, environmental regulation and aesthetic functions. All these functions play an important role within residential buildings, especially in children’s playgrounds. Various types of damage to green spaces negatively affect their main functions. The susceptibility to damage of woody plants by insects depends on anthropogenic factors of the environment, which lead to the weakening of plants and to the loss of resistance to these types of negative influences. The resistance of plants to diseases often decreases under the influence of transport and industrial pollution in the external environment. The purpose of the study is phytopathological analysis of the green areas state on children’s playgrounds in Kharkiv. Green plantations state assessment methods of urban areas using various technical means are analyzed. Green plantings condition and morbidity analysis using one of the offered methods is carried out. Accord ing to the results of phytopathological analysis, it was determined that 100 % of the species Aesculus hippocastanum L., which grow on playgrounds in Kharkiv, are affected by Cameraria ohridella. Among the bushes, Syringa vulgaris L. and Spiraea L. are the most affected by diseases and pests.
Design and researching of biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials modified by humic acid
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2023) Lebedeva, K. O.; Cherkashina, A. M.; Tykhomyrova, T. S.; Savchenko, D. O.; Lebedev, V. V.
Biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin, sodium alginate, modified by humic acids, were designed and researched. Literature review was carried out and it was proved that humic acids using is perspective for the functional effect on the biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal properties. It has been found that effective processes for receiving biologically active polymer hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin, hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium alginate can be carried out in different humic acids concentration while achieving an effective increase in hydrogel polymers structuring processes. It can be seen efficiently increasing biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate conditional viscosity and the specific electrical conductivity with an increase of humic acids content: from 114 to 135 sec and from 2350 to 2850 mkS/cm, respectively. Humic acids modification in biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate caused structure formation with high density, and resistance and with larger agglomerates in hydrogels. It was found that the gelatin-based biopolymer hydrogels modification by humic acids makes it possible to receive biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials with higher swelling degree. It is shown that the application of new biologically active polymeric hydrogel transdermal materials based on gelatin and sodium alginate modified by humic acids allows improving the skin moisture-lipid balance. From the initial values of 34-36% moisture and 8-10 skin fat, they increase to 58-66% and 52-60%. So, designed polymer hydrogel based on gelatin, sodium alginate, modified by humic acids, are transdermal materials with good properties.
Study of lignite humic acids hybrid modification technology of biodegradable films based on polyvinyl alcohol
(РС Теshnology сentеr, 2023) Lebedev, Vladimir Vladimirovich; Miroshnichenko, Denis Viktorovich; Tykhomyrova, Tetyana Sergiivna
Object of article study is lignite humic acids hybrid modification technology of biodegradable films based on polyvinyl alcohol. The possibility of increasing the strength and operational properties of biodegradable polymeric materials based on polyvinyl alcohol by using its modification with the different types of humic acids from lignite is considered. Lignite humic acids hybrid modification films with antibacterial properties were obtained. The twostage technology of lignite humic acids hybrid modification of biodegradable films based on polyvinyl alcohol was formalized. At the first stage of lignite humic acids hybrid modification technologies for hybrid-modified biodegradable materials production, lignite humic acids are received. At the second stage, hybrid modification of lignite humic acids (that are part of biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol films), which are received by watering from a solution, takes place. It has been conducted a study on determining the effect of lignite humic acids hybrid modification on the most important operational properties of biodegradable film based on polyvinyl alcohol, i. e., tensile strength, relative elongation at break and time of mold appearance. Changes in tensile strength, relative elongation at break and time of mold appearance for the lignite humic acids hybrid modified biodegradable polymeric materials based on polyvinyl alcohol were revealed depending on the content of the different types of lignite humic acids. It was also shown that the lignite humic acids hybrid modification of polyvinyl alcohol with the different types of humic acids allows preserving the biodegradability of the films along with imparting the antibacterial properties. The developed lignite humic acids hybrid modified biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol films with antibacterial properties, in terms of their operational characteristics, are superior to the known similar bio degradable films based on natural biopolymers.
Study of brown coal humic substances hybrid modification on sorption resistance of biodegradable materials
("Interdruk" Poland, Warszawa, 2023) Lebedev, Vladimir Vladimirovich; Miroshnichenko, Denis Viktorovich; Tykhomyrova, Tetyana Sergiivna
Researching on brown coal humic substances hybrid modification of biodegradable materials based on pol ylactide and coffee waste for their sorption resistance in different liquid mediums are carried out in this work. The objects of study were extrusion polylactide of the Terramac TP-4000 brand, coffee grounds waste with article size limit from 0.5 to 1 mm, dried to moisture content 0,5% and humic substances, which were obtained by extraction of brown coal. The obtained diffusion coefficient values of different liquids are in the range from 0,95 * 10⁻¹⁰ to 6,65 *10⁻¹⁰ m²\sallow us to conclude that the designed brown coal humic substances hybrid modified biodegrada ble materials based on polylactide and coffee waste can be used as a polymer base in terms of their sorption properties for one and multi-use tableware production.
Brown coal humic substances hybrid modified biodegradable composites wear simulation
("Interdruk" Poland, Warszawa, 2023) Lebedev, Vladimir Vladimirovich; Miroshnichenko, Denis Viktorovich; Tykhomyrova, Tetyana Sergiivna; Kochetov, Mykyta Sergiyovich
Researching on wares modeling from brown coal humic substances hybrid modified biodegradable composites based on polylactide and coffee waste technology are carried out in this work. New wares are pots for seedlings and vases for planting greenery that can be used for landscaping for urban territories. The products design was made, the mathematical modeling of the designed products was carried out. The process of modeling products based on brown coal humic substances hybrid modified biodegradable composites based on polylactide and coffee was carried out in the SolidWorks 2020: 3D CAD environment with subsequent receipt of g-code, which is intended for machines for the production of molds for plastic injection.
Hybrid eco-friendly biodegradable construction composites modified with humic substances
(Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2022) Lebedev, V. V.; Miroshnichenko, D. V. ; Mysiak, V. R.; Bilets, D. Yu.; Tykhomyrova, T. S.; Savchenko, D. O.
Obtaining hybrid eco-friendly biodegradable structural composites was considered. The aim of this work was to determining the properties of hybrid eco-friendly biodegradable construction composites modified with humic substances. Hybrid eco-friendly construction composites were obtained on the basis of bioplastic polylactides with the addition as a filler of coffee grounds with a polyfractional composition within a particle size of 0.5 mm to 1 mm and a hybrid modifier – humic substances from brown coal. Hybrid ecofriendly construction composites were obtained by extrusion of pre-prepared raw materials in a single-screw laboratory extruder at a temperature of 170–200 °С and an auger rotation speed of 30–100 rpm. Investigated impact strength, breaking stress during bending, melt flow index (MFI) and melting temperature of hybrid ecofriendly biodegradable structural composites modified with humic substances. Optimization studies have been carried out to determine the most effective composition of new ecofriendly structural composites based on bioplastics of polylactides, coffee grounds waste and humic substances of three different types. Researching data together with the data of impact strength, allows us to make assumptions about the possibility of forming a variety of products from structurally composite material, herewith a composition with a coffee content of 50 % by mass. deserves a special attention. The data show an increase the impact strength and the breaking stress during bending a hybrid modification of ecofriendly biodegradable construction composites based on polylactide, coffee grounds waste and humic substances in 2.5 times, with optimal in terms of strength characteristics is the content of coffee grounds at 50 % wt. and 0.5 % by mass humic substances with the highest content of volatile substances and the lowest content of carbon. For such hybrid ecofriendly biodegradable construction composites based on polylactide, coffee grounds waste and humic substances, the MFI is characterized by 3.1 g/10 min. and the processing temperature range is 182–188 °C. It is shown, that the designed hybrid eco-friendly biodegradable structural composites modified with humic substances can be used in the production of high-strength structures and elements for engineering purposes.
Composite materials for sustainable development and electromagnetic safety of biological and technical objects
(The University of Technology in Katowice Press, 2023) Lebedev, Vladimir Vladimirovich; Miroshnichenko, Denis Viktorovich; Tykhomyrova, Tetyana Sergiivna