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Документ Optimization of floccular cleaning and drainage of thin dispersed sludges(Scientific Route, Estonia, 2020) Shestopalov, Oleksii; Briankin, Oleksandr; Rykusova, Nadegda; Hetta, Oksana S.; Raiko, Valentina; Tseitlin, MusiiThe efficiency of solid phase retention and dehydration of finely dispersed products of a coal processing plant and a metallur gical enterprise on the module for cleaning and dewatering sludge is investigated. A technique for selecting the operating parameters of equipment based on the determination of the strength criterion of flocs is proposed. A methodology for technological tests has been developed to control the flocculation process and optimize the flow of flocculant depending on the concentration of the solid phase. Industrial tests on the module for wastewater treatment and sludge dewatering using flocculants proved the effectiveness of the developed methodology. It is shown that the conditions for conducting tests on flocculation should correspond to the operating conditions of the circuit apparatus for cleaning and dewatering sludge. These conditions include sludge performance, sludge flow rate in the cross section of pipes and apparatuses, and the flow time from the flocculator to the centrifuge. During the testing of the Module, the solids retention efficiency of 97–99 % was achieved with the strength criteria of flocs in front of a centrifuge of 2–2.5 mm/s. The conditions for the high efficiency of the apparatus chain are the optimization of the aggregation process itself. It is revealed that for the formation of strong flocs it is necessary to regulate the concentration of the solid phase. For coal sludge, the concentration of the solid phase before the flocculant is fed must be maintained no higher than 50–60 g/l, and for gas treatment sludge – no higher than 20–25 g/l. Correction of the concentration of sludge before the flocculator is possible by diluting it with clarified water to the optimum concentration for aggregation. It is found that the moisture content of the sediment and the efficiency of the retention of the solid phase depend on the strength criterion of the flocs. Therefore, the optimization of the flocculant flow rate is possible by controlling and the residual floccule deposition rate after mechanical action in front of the dewatering equipment. The flocculant flow rate must be adjusted depending on the concentration of the solid phase in the sludge to achieve the desired criterion for the strength of the flocs.Документ Studying patterns in the flocculation of sludges from wet gas treatment in metallurgical production(PC Technology center, 2019) Shestopalov, Oleksii; Briankin, Oleksandr; Tseitlin, Musii; Raiko, Valentina; Hetta, Oksana S.The influence of a solid phase concentration in the model sludges of wet gas purification, as well as the flocculant consumption, on a change in the solid phase sedimentation rate and the strength of floccules has been examined. This is important because fluctuations in the solid phase concentration in waste water represent an uncontrolled process that significantly affects the kinetics of the solid phase sedimentation and leads to an increase in the flocculant consumption. We have proposed a procedure for determining the sedimentation rate of the flocculated sludge and the strength of floccules following the hydromechanical influence, which takes into consideration the solid phase concentration and the flocculant consumption. The study was carried out on model waste water, synthesized by mixing the dust from dry gas purification at actual production site with water. It has been determined that the solid phase concentration affects the rate of floccule deposition. It has been established that the optimum conditions for aggregate formation within a given model system are observed at the solid phase concentration in the interval 8–12 g/l. Increasing the solid phase concentration above 16 g/l decreases the floccule sedimentation rate disproportionately to the flocculant concentration. It is possible to reduce flocculant consumption and to optimize its dosage by carrying out a cleaning process taking into consideration the specified patterns. It was established that the hydromechanical influence on aggregates exerts the destructive effect, whose degree depends on the solid phase concentration. In particular, increasing the rate of fluid motion leads to greater damage to floccules than increasing the time for a less intense exposure. The way to minimize the destructive effect on floccules could be lowering the suspension transportation speed resulting from a decrease in the installation performance or through the increased cross-section of the channel (a pipeline). An increase in the solid phase concentration of the model system above 16 g/l is accompanied by a significant reduction in the strength of floccules. Therefore, when designing wastewater treatment plants that utilize flocculants, it is necessary to provide optimum conditions for aggregation and to minimize the hydromechanical effects on floccules by lowering the velocity of fluid motion.Документ Improving the ecological safety of potato chips production by devising a method for wastewater treatment and recycling(PC Technology Center, 2021) Hetta, Oksana S.; Shestopalov, Oleksii; Duhanets, Viktor; Shubravska, Olena; Rudkovskyi, Oleksandr; Paraniak, Nаdiia; Riazanova-Khytrovska, N. V.; Maksimenko, OlenaThe study deals with determining the effectiveness of mechanical and physical and chemical methods for the treatment of wastewater of potato chips enterprises. It was established that the wastewater that is formed at different stages of production differ in composition. Wastewater after washing and peeling potatoes is contaminated mainly with suspended soil substances of about 500 mg/l, which are not settled, and also has soluble organic substances with a value of COD of about 1,000 mg/l. It was found that the use of coagulation-flocculation treatment makes it possible to get clear water suitable for reuse for washing potatoes. Coagulant – aluminum sulfate in the amount of 250 mg/l turned out to be effective to destroy the stability of the dispersed system. To intensify the sedimentation of coagulated flakes of suspended particles, non-ionogenic flocculant, which is recommended to be dosed after the introduction of coagulant in the amount of 2.5 ml/l, was selected. Analysis of clarified water indicates a decrease in the concentration of suspended particles up to 26 mg/l and a decrease in COD and BOD5 to values of 262 mg/l and 176 mg/l, respectively. The completed studies made it possible to propose a circuit of treatment of wastewater after washing potatoes, which consists of pre-filtering, reagent treatment, water clarification, and sediment dehydration. This circuit makes it possible to intensively clean the water to the standards of its discharge into the sewage network. However, additional disinfection of water with oxidizers, for example, ozone, was proposed for the reuse of clarified water to wash vegetables at an enterprise itself. The use of the proposed circuit of intensive water treatment will allow increasing the environmental safety of the production of potato chips by preventing environmental contamination through reducing the volume of tap water consumption.Документ Revealing patterns in the aggregation and deposition kinetics of the solid phase in drilling wastewater(Українська державна академія залізничного транспорту, 2019) Shestopalov, Oleksii; Rykusova, N.; Hetta, Oksana S.; Ananieva, Valeriya; Chynchyk, O.Досліджено вплив концентрації твердої фази бурових стічних вод на змінення швидкості осiдання твердої фази при агрегатоутворенні під час фізико-хімічного методу очистки води з використанням флокулянтів та коагулянтiв. Це важливо, тому що зміна концентрації твердої фази у стічній водi є неконтрольованим процесом під час реагентної очистки та суттєво впливає на механізм агрегатоутворення та кінетику осiдання твердої фази. Дослідження проводилися на модельній стічній водi, виготовленій шляхом розбавлення відпрацьованого бурового розчину водопровідною водою. Було встановлено, що застосування флокулянтів без коагулянтiв не ефективне i не призводить доагрегатоутворення. Встановлено, що оптимальною дозою коагулянту сульфату алюмінію для порушення стійкості дисперсної системи буровий стiчної води є 65 мiлiграм/г, а збiльшення дозування коагулянта не впливає на швидкість осадження пластiвцiв. Серед флокулянтiв найбiльшу активнiсть проявляє анiонний флокулянт А-19. При згущуваннi шламу спостерiгається руйнування флокул i за 9 хвилин швидкiсть осадження флокул знижується вдвiчi. Збiльшення концентрацiї флокулянта з 0,8 міліграм/г до 1,6 міліграм/г приводить до збiльшення швидкостi осадження твердої фази в 2–2,5 разiв. Показано, що концентрація твердої фази впливає на швидкість осадження флокул, оптимальні умови агрегатоутворення спостерiгаються за концентрації 4–6 г/л. Механiчнi дії на агрегати призводять до руйнування флокул залежно вiд концентрації твердої фази. Встановлено, що змiни в дисперсній системi можна спостерігати за зміною водневого показника, який змiнюється залежно вiд концентрацiї твердої фази в буровій стічній водi. Зростання концентрації твердої фази з 1 до 10 г/л призводить до зміни рН вiд 7,2 до 8,3, після введення коагулянта спостерігається зниження рН, а подальше руйнування агрегатiв приводить до збільшення водневого показника. Одержані в результатi досліджень дані i запропонована методика можуть бути використані для підбору оптимальних дозувань реагентiв при очищенні бурових стічних води.