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Method of automatic determination of the heart’s electrical axis in cardiological decision support systems
(Одеський національний політехнічний університет, 2021) Filatova, A. E.; Fahs, Mohamad
The work is devoted to solving the scientific and practical problem of automating the heart’s electrical axis calculation to im-prove the quality of morphological analysis of biomedical signals with locally concentrated features in cardiological decision support systems, which in turn reduces the likelihood of medical errors. The work shows that existing methods for in the determining the electrical axis of the heart require morphological analysis of an electrocardiogram. The method is based on determining the integral signal in the frontal plane from all limb leads, taking into account the lead angle in the hexaxial reference system. In graphic form in polar coordinates, the integral electrocardiological signal is a figure, predominantly elongated along the axis, the direction’n of which corresponds to the heart’s electrical axis. The position of the heart’s electrical axis is calculated as the angle between the axis of standard lead I and the vector, the end of which is at the center of mass of the locus of the points the farthest away from the reference point. Cluster analysis is used to find the most distant points from the reference point. The proposed method for of calculating the heart’s electrical axis makes it possible not to carry out a preliminary morphological analysis of an electrocardiogram. To implement the method proposed in the article, a program was written in the Matlab language, which is connected as a dynamic link library to the cardiological decision support system “TREDEX telephone” operating as part of the medical diagnostic complex “TREDEX” manu-factured by “Company TREDEX” LLC, Kharkiv. Verification of the results was carried out using a database of electrocardiograms, which were recorded using a transtelephone digital 12-channel electrocardiological complex “Telecard”, which is part of the medical diagnostic complex “TREDEX”, and deciphered by cardiologists of the communal non-profit enterprise of the Kharkiv Regional Council “Center for Emergency Medical aid and disaster medicine”. Comparison of the results of calculating the heart’s electrical axis according to electrocardiograms by a doctor and automatically using the proposed method showed that in the overwhelming majority of cases the decisions made coincide. At the same time, cardiologists make mistakes, and errors are made during automatic calculation using the proposed method. The paper explains the reasons for these errors.
Application of fractal processing of digital mammograms in designing decision support systems in medicine
(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2020) Povoroznyuk, Anatoly; Povoroznyuk, Oksana; Shehna, Khaled
The subject of the research is the methods of digital processing of halftone medical images with locally concentrated features. The object of the research is the process of morphological analysis of digital mammograms in the design of decision support systems in medicine. The aim of this work is to develop methods and technologies for detecting of diagnostically significant characteristics of digital mammograms based on their morphological analysis, taking into account fractal dimensions. The objective of the study is to improve the quality of mammographic examinations of patients in the design of decision support systems in medicine by developing specialized methods for morphological analysis of digital mammograms (highlighting diagnostically significant elements amid noises), based on taking into account the features of the images in the form of useful signal models, in particular, fractal dimension models. Research methods: a method for calculating the fractal dimension of two-dimensional halftone images specified on a discrete set, methods of object-oriented programming, methods of statistical analysis. As a result of the research, the following results were obtained: based on the analysis of known methods of digital image processing, a limited area of their application in processing mammograms was shown and the urgency of developing specialized methods of morphological analysis based on taking into account the features of the consideredimages in the form of useful signal models, in particular, fractal dimension models. A method and an algorithm for the implementation of morphological analysis of digital mammograms, taking into account their fractal dimension, have been developed. The software implementation of the method was performed using the MatLab math package and testing on real mammogramswas completed. Mammograms without obvious pathologies and mammograms which having pathological structures of various types (tumors, intraductal formations and microcalcifications) were processed. The fractal dimension of the entire image and selected fragments was calculated. Conclusions. The results of the research showed that the fractal dimension of the entire image does not give statistically significant results on the presence or absence of pathologies, but if wecalculate the fractal dimension on the selected fragments, then the results are very different. Wecan trace the pattern that the more obvious pathologies on a fragment, the greater the fractal dimension. Further research is aimed at developing a method for classifying digital mammograms taking into account their fractal dimensions.
Розробка інформаційної системи автоматизованої лематизації дієслів німецької мови
(Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2016) Борисова, Наталя Володимирівна; Оліфенко, І. В.

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